2024-03-29T04:39:16Z
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=8010
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
1110-0400
1110-0400
2018
47
1
HUMAN MICROBIOTA
Basma
Kamal
2018
01
01
1
1
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_52206_8f2060d9e9a5dfb1bd755fdb3f84a4db.pdf
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
1110-0400
1110-0400
2018
47
1
EVALUATION OF TISSUE RESPONSE OF ADULT MALE SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS TO AN EXPERIMENTAL CALCIUM SILICATE BASED CEMENT VERSUS ANGELUS WHITE MTA AND SINAI WHITE PORTLAND CEMENT
Amira
Mohammad Samy Mostafa
Mohammad
Ali Elyasaky
Maha
Ahmad Niazy
Mohammad
Yousry Hassaan
Background: Calcium silicate cements are biocompatible materials, and can help in repair of osseous defects. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the tissue response to an experimental material (laboratory prepared) versus white MTA and white Portland cement implanted in a rat model. Materials and methods: The experimental highly purified calcium silicate based material was synthesized denovo in the lab from pure oxides, then tissue response was evaluated on adult Sprague-Dawley rats. Critical size bone defect was done at the middle third of the lateral surface of the right tibia in 75 rats. The bony defect was either left untreated to heal spontaneously in animals of the control group (15 rats) or filled with four different materials (15 rats each). At the end of the experimental periods for each subgroup tibia were dissected for histological analysis and evaluation of inflammatory reaction and newly formed bone. Data were collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed. Results: Within the limitations of this study, it was found that there was a decrease in inflammatory cell count as the wound healing process moves towards formation of granulation tissue and fibrous encapsulation of the different implanted materials, as well as deposition of newly formed bone throughout the experimental periods. Conclusion: The synthetic materials (laboratory manufactured) seemed to have comparable biological properties to those of commercially available bioactive materials. These experimental materials have an intense tissue inductive capacity, and also the incorporation of nanotechnology in the experimental material showed an intense biological effect in tissue regeneration.
2018
01
01
1
18
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_52210_6b36c638234db442ee8051507f4906e7.pdf
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
1110-0400
1110-0400
2018
47
1
EFFECT OF ISCHEMIC PRECONDITIONING ON LIVER ISCHEMIA REPERFUSION INJURY IN AGED RATS
Gehane
M. Hamed
Ansam
A. Seif
Manal
S. Abd-El-Hamid
Maryam
M. El-Masry
Background: As the criteria for liver donation have been extended to include marginal donors, liver grafts are becoming particularly vulnerable to hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). However, no specific measures have been validated to ameliorate hepatic IRI. Objective: To investigate the effect of ischemic preconditioning on hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury in aged rats. Materials and Methods: The present study was performed on 45 aged male Wistar rats, weighing at the start of the study between 350-550 g. Animals were randomly divided into the following equal groups: Group I (Sham-operated control group), Group II (Liver ischemia reperfusion group): Rats were subjected to 1-hour partial liver ischemia followed by 24-hour reperfusion and Group III (ischemic preconditioned group): Rats were subjected to brief period of ischemia and reperfusion, then were subjected to hepatic IR as group II. Blood samples were collected and were subjected to measurement of Liver function tests, i.e. serum ALT, AST, liver malondialdehyde and glutathione peroxidase. Also, histopathological study of rat livers was performed. Results: There were significant decrease in liver weight and liver weight to body weight percent in IR group compared to the sham-operated rats. Upon preconditioning before IR, the liver weights still decreased compared to the sham-operated rats. Liver weight to body weight ratio ameliorated or less decreased in the ratio compared to sham-operated, and significantly increased in the ratio compared to the IR rats. There were significant increases in serum levels of liver enzymes (ALT and AST), at two time points, especially 24 hours after reperfusion as well as significant increase in hepatic MDA level in IR rats. In addition, IR has induced marked liver damage as shown by histopathological examination. Ischemic preconditioning ameliorated liver ischemia reperfusion injury as indicated by marked reduction in the liver enzymes although their levels did not match the levels recorded in the sham-operated rats and hepatic MDA. Hepatic level of GPx showed a significant increase compared to both the sham-operated and IR rats and that was associated with significant improvement of the histopathological examination compared to IR rats. Conclusion: Ischemic preconditioning ameliorated the hepatic injury associated with ischemia reperfusion. However, future work is needed to explain the mechanism by which IPC ameliorate liver IRI.
Liver
ischemic preconditioning
ischemic reperfusion injury
2018
01
01
19
34
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_52212_566e7a7f51bdeeb62944e394df86538a.pdf
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
1110-0400
1110-0400
2018
47
1
MANAGEMENT OF RECENT UNSTABLE FRACTURES OF METACARPAL BONES OF THE HAND BY MINI-EXTERNAL FIXATOR
Ibrahim
Hussein
Rashed
E Rashed
Ahmed
M Eita
Background: Metacarpal fractures either closed or open are common injuries and may account the most common fractures in the skeletal system. These fractures can be treated conservatively or operatively depending on the nature of the injury, fractures pattern and stability. Objective: To assess the functional outcome of injuries of metacarpal fractures after fixation by mini external fixator. Patients and Methods: This study was carried out on 15 patients presented with fractures in their metacarpals between February 2017 and November 2017 in the Orthopedics and Traumatology Department in Mahalla General Hospital. The study included. The mini-external fixator was used to fix the fractures within the first 24 hours and patients were followed up for 6-8 weeks with an average period of 7 weeks. Results: 13 patients were satisfied with this fixation by mini external fixator with full range of motion.
Unstable fractures
metacarpal bones
mini-external fixator
2018
01
01
35
46
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_53517_2b2463e3f6973c5a006962140005742e.pdf
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
1110-0400
1110-0400
2018
47
1
ROLE OF BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS AND TRANSVAGINAL ULTRASOUND IN THE PREDICTION OF PRETERM LABOR
Farid
Ibrahim Hassan
Emad
Maarouf Abdel Latif
Omar
Salem Abdel Aziz Mubarak
Salah
Ahmed El Beltagi
Background : Evaluation of cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin was considered as one of the most predictive factor for preterm labor when it is 50 ng/ml. Also, Salivary estriol (E3) has the same predictive factor for preterm labor when it is over 2.1ng/ml. The last factor in this study was measurement of cervical length. Objective: Assessing cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin and maternal Salivary estriol (E3) as biochemical markers, as well as transvaginal ultrasound in the prediction of preterm labor. Patients and Methods: The study included 150 pregnant women at gestational ages between 24 weeks and 34 weeks confirmed by sure history of last menstrual period and first trimestric ultrasound examination.The patients in this study were fulfilling the inclusion criteria, and were enlisted in a prospective clinical trial. As regard cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin, measure of it as Dacron swab was rotated in posterior fornix of the vagina or ectocervix and sent for assay of fetal fibronectin. Salivary estriol (E3) was collected from mouth after washing it, and stored till time of assay. Cervical length was evaluated by transvaginal ultrasound. Results: There was a highly significant difference between women with positive and negative fibronectin regarding gestational age at delivery. Salivary estriol (E3) showed a highly significant difference between women with positive and negative E3 regarding gestational age at delivery. Also, cervical length showed a highly significant difference between women with short and normal cervical length regarding gestational age at delivery. There was no significant effect for age, parity, presence of uterine contractions and uterine anomalies on the outcome of pregnancy . Conclusion: Cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin, salivary estriol E3 and measurement of cervical length were more helpful in prediction of preterm labor.
2018
01
01
47
58
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_53521_e7fe4722a732223088760cd20c95e84e.pdf
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
1110-0400
1110-0400
2018
47
1
ROLE OF OSTEOPONTIN AND DIKKOPF RELATED PROTEIN -1(DKK-1) AS DIAGNOSTIC MARKERS OF HCV RELATED HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Abdellah
A. Omar
Ashraf
T. Abd Elmouttaleb
Ebrahim
M. Bayomy
Gamal
M. Soliman
Background: Osteopontin (OPN) is an important tumor marker, since it presents as an immobilized extracellular matrix molecule in addition to be present as a secreted form in body fluids involving plasma. Osteopontin levels in the plasma were found to be significantly higher in hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) patients than in healthy control individuals and also higher than in patients with chronic liver diseases. Dikkopf related protein-1 (DKK-1) is a diagnostic and prognostic serologic marker for early HCC. The DKK-1 mRNA and protein levels were found to be up regulated in early HCC. Study design: This is a retrospective case control study. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of serum OPN level and Dickkopf-1(DKK1) as potential markers of HCC among HCV infected patients, compared to alpha fetoprotein (AFP). Also, its relationship with clinicopathological features of HCC patients. Subjects and Methods: The study included 90 adult subjects; they were classified into 3 groups. Group1: It included 30 patients with HCC. Group 2: It included 30 patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) (chronic hepatitis C without HCC), and Group 3: It included 30 apparently healthy individuals as a control group. Serum Osteopontin and Dikkopf related protein -1(DKK-1) were measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ELISA. Results: There were highly statistical significant differences between the three groups as regard serum Dikkopf related protein -1 and Osteopontin levels (p <0.001). DKK1 and OPN levels were significantly higher in metastasis cases than non-metastatic cases (p <0.001), while AFP level was non-significant P= 0.424. Patients with large tumor size have significantly higher OPN levels p=0.025, while non-significantlydifferent as regard AFP and DKK1 levels. Conclusion: OPN and DKK1 can be used for diagnosis of HCC and differentiation between HCC and CLD. OPN and DKK1 have higher sensitivity and specificity than AFP and can be used for early diagnosis. Combination between OPN and DKK1 has increased both sensitivity and specificity for detection of of HCC.
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Chronic liver disease
Osteopontin
Dickopf related protein- 1
2018
01
01
59
72
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_53526_513ae94d639d4d080bb1187d0f202054.pdf
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
1110-0400
1110-0400
2018
47
1
EFFECT OF MELATONIN ON HYPERTENSION AND DIABETES INDUCED EXPERIMENTALLY IN ADULT MALE ALBINO RATS
Mohamed
Bahaii Elsokkary
Shebl
Ramadan Samaha
Mohamed
Ali Mahmoud Abbas
Background: Diabetes Mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder. It is a pathological state leads to long term complications causing damage of different tissue and organs as heart and blood vessels. Hypertension is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Melatonin has extraordinary antioxidant potential and reduce the level of free radical burden on the level of both oxygen and nitrogen species. Objective: Evaluation of melatonin on hypertension and diabetes induced experimentally in adult male albino rats. Materials and Methods: Seventy adult male albino rats of local strain were divided into equal seven groups as follow: Group I: served as control group received normal saline, Group II: diabetic group, Group III: hypertensive group, Group IV: Diabetic-hypertensive group, Group V: diabetic-melatonin-treated group, Group VI: Hypertensive-melatonin-treated group and Group VII: Diabetic-hypertensive-melatonin-treated group. At the end of experimental period, blood samples were obtained for detwrmination of glycated hemoglobin, plasma glucose, serum lipid profile (total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride (TG)), serum insulin, serum urea and serum creatinine levels. Measurments of blood pressure were performed for the hypertensive rats. Also, cardiac muscles samples were obtained for histopathology study. Results: STZ led to significant increase in blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, cholesterol, TG, LDL, serum urea and serum creatinine levels associated with significant decrease in serum insulin level.Cadmium led to significant increase in total cholesterol, TG, LDL, serum urea and serum creatinine levels associated with significant increase in blood pressure. Melatonin treatment led to significant decrease of blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, TG, LDL, serum urea and serum creatinine levels associated with significant increase in serum insulin level associated with significant decrease blood pressure. Conclusion: Melatonin has a protective effect against cardiac muscle abnormalities in diabetic, diabetic-hypertensive and hypertensive rats due to its antioxidant properties.
STZ
cadmium
Diabetes mellitus
Hypertension
Melatonin
2018
01
01
73
87
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_53533_33a9260057c2efd933f6ab6c1b8f790f.pdf
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
1110-0400
1110-0400
2018
47
1
STATISTICAL STUDY OF FATAL BLUNT HEAD INJURIES IN GREAT CAIRO GOVERNORATE DURING 2014
Rageh
Reda Abdullah Awara
Fouad
Helmy El -Dabah
Ashraf
Ibrahim Hassan
Backgrounds: Of all regional injuries, those of the head and neck are the most common and most important in forensic practice. The head is the target of choice in the great majority of assaults involving blunt trauma. When the victim is pushed or knocked to the ground, he often strikes his head. The brain and its coverings are vulnerable to degrees of blunt trauma that would rarely be lethal if applied to other body areas.
Objective: Study aimed to find out incidence and medico legal aspects of fatal blunt head injury to identify characters and magnitude of the problem to design a plan for better control of the problem.
Subjects and method: Study was carried out retrospectively through collecting data from post-mortem report of all fatal blunt head injuries cases autopsied in Zeinhom mortuary during 2014. The variables considered were age and gender of victim, cause and manner of death, type of weapon, types of skull fractures, and seasonal variation.
Results: The studied group represented 129 cases out of total 2,128 cases that had been examined in Zeinhom mortuary during 2014. The highest incidence of head injury was seen in victims of 3rd and 4th decades (79 victims; 60%). The majority were males (99; 76%). Ninety three cases (72%) were victims of homicide, while suicidal cases were 16 (12.4%), and accidental fatal head trauma victims were 20 (15.5%).
Conclusion: Blunt trauma to the head is still a relevant challenge for the forensic pathologist who must obtain a complete and accurate history of the crime (including details regarding the crime scene), interpret patterns of injury and other findings at autopsy, and correlate all of the findings to make an accurate ruling of the cause and manner of death.
Blunt injury
head
fatal
Cairo
2018
01
01
89
96
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_54631_69acaf7c625109006b265e938be9d932.pdf
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
1110-0400
1110-0400
2018
47
1
ATORVASTATIN AMELIORATES CISPLATIN INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS IN EHRLICH ASCITES SOLID TUMOR-BEARING MICE: A PROSPECTIVE CASE CONTROL STUDY
Ola
Sayed Mohamed Ali
Noha
Abdel-Rahman Eldesoky
Ahmad
Muhammad Salahuddin
Nehal
Mohamed Abdel-Aziz Eisa
Background: A relationship was observed between cholesterol and the development of many cancer types. However, the efficacy of the addition of hypolipidimic medications to cancer treatment regimen is unclear. Objective: To study the possible effects of atorvastatin on Ehrlich solid tumor bearing mice treated with cisplatin and to explore atorvastatin effects on inflammation and oxidative stress. Materials and methods: Sixty female Swiss albino mice were divided into five equal groups: Negative control, positive control, cisplatin treated, atorvastatin-treated and combination of cisplatin-and atorvastatin-treated group. Tumor volume, total antioxidant capacity, catalase, malondialdehyde, C-reactive protein and angiogenin were determined. Results: Markers of oxidative stress were the worest in cisplatin-treated group and the best in combination-treated group as there was significant increase in serum catalase and a relative increase in serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) than cisplatin treated group. Moreover, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) showed relative decrease in combination-treated group than cisplatin-treated group.
Conclusion: The use of atorvastatin/cisplatin combination therapy increased antioxidant enzymes and decreased cisplatin induced oxidative stress pointing at the antioxidant effect of atorvastatin as a possible mechanism for its anticancer activity
breast cancer
Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma
Cisplatin
Atorvastatin
Oxidative Stress
Angiogenin
2018
01
01
97
107
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_54632_01ab067f4023c4f128c78e2814e2d686.pdf
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
1110-0400
1110-0400
2018
47
1
SERUM ADROPIN LEVEL AND KIDNEY FUNCTIONS IN TYPE-II DIABETIC RAT MODEL WITH AND WITHOUT PIOGLITAZONE TREATMENT
Ebtesam
M. Ibrahim
Suzan
M.M. Moursi
Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD), and the leading cause of death in diabetic patients. Treatment with thiazolidinediones, particularly pioglitazone, may ameliorate kidney deterioration. Moreover, several peptide hormones participate in maintaining metabolic homeostasis including the recently discovered adropin. Data regarding adropin-circulating levels in type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are still conflicting.
Objective: This study was designed to determine pioglitazone effect on some metabolic and kidney function parameters in type II diabetic rat model, and to investigate the relationship between serum adropin and such parameters.
Materials and methods: Thirty healthy adult male albino rats were used for this study. The rats were randomly and equally divided into three groups. Group-1; control group, group-2; type II diabetic group, and group-3; pioglitazone- treated diabetic group. Rats were examined for body weight, body mass index (BMI), adropin, glucose & insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipids profile, inflammatory cytokines [interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)], serum urea, creatinine, uric acid, angiotensin II, mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), urine flow rate, protein, creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal malondialdhyde (MDA) level, glutathione peroxidase (GSH‑Px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. Histopathological examinations for kidney tissues were also done.
Results: The present study revealed that diabetic rats showed significantly lower serum adropin levels than controls. Diabetes also significantly increased serum glucose with insulin resistance, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-c), serum IL-6, TNF-α, PAI-1, serum urea, creatinine, uric acid, angiotensin II , MABP, urine flow rate, protein and renal MDA [with significant negative correlation versus serum adropin] but significantly decreased serum insulin and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), urine creatinine, GFR and renal SOD & GSH‑Px activities [with significant positive correlation versus serum adropin] together with deterioration of kidney histoarchitecture. Moreover, pioglitazon treatment resulted in a significant recovery in the above mentioned parameters in the treated diabetic group.
Conclusion: Serum adropin concentration was negatively associated with the observed renal deterioration and may have a potential protective role, in addition to pioglitazone ameliorating effects, in diabetic nephropathy.
diabetes
Nephropathy
Pioglitazone
adropin
2018
01
01
109
128
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_54633_f15451f2bdac7fef0db17baec71f9ac1.pdf
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
1110-0400
1110-0400
2018
47
1
HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN FOLLOWING ORCHIDOPEXY FOR UNILATERAL PALPABLE UNDESCENDED TESTIS: EFFECT ON TESTICULAR VOLUME AND VASCULARITY
Ibrahim
Mahmoud Elsayaad
Ahmed
Fekry El-Deek
Background: Cryptorchidism is a common male genital anomaly discovered at birth. Orchiopexy is the sole curative option. However, hormonal treatment has its potential role. The type and regimen of hormonal treatment is widely different. Objective: To evaluate the effect of the use of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) as an adjunctive therapy after orchiopexy. Patients and Methods: The study included 60 boys presented with unilateral palpable undescended testis. Their ages at presentation ranged between 10 months and 6 years. All patients were subjected to history taking, clinical and radiological examination and orchiopexy. Patients were randomized into two equal groups. Randomization was done by a closed envelope that opened 2 weeks postoperatively by a nurse not included in the study. Group A received supportive hCG injection, two weeks after operation by single intramuscular injection weekly for 4 consecutive weeks. The dose was adjusted according to patient weight (< 10kg received 500 IU/week; 10-20 kg received 1000 IU/week and above 20 kg received 1500 IU/week). Group B received orchiopexy without postoperative hormonal support. Results: About 88.4% of studied children were underwent orchiopexy in the first two years of life. Both groups were comparable as regard to pre-intervention hormonal profile, and testicular volume before intervention, while after the intervention, volume significantly increased in group A with good blood supply. Conclusion: hCG postoperative supplementation for children with unilateral palpable undescended testis appears to be beneficial in subsequent outcome as expressed by increase in the size and vascularity of the testis.
Undescended testis
Orchidopexy
Human chorionic gonadotrophin, Testicular volume
2018
01
01
129
138
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_54635_c7f5fd338f4d6ed1bf22fd3e4c12a5bc.pdf
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
1110-0400
1110-0400
2018
47
1
POSSIBLE CONTRIBUTION OF SOME ADIPOKINES ON TYPE II DIABETES IN OBESE AND NON-OBESE ADULT MALE RATS
Hamed
Mohamed Osman
Ahmed
Desoky Badawy
Mohamed
El-Sayed Abdelfatah
Mohamed
Fekry Farag
Background: Type 2 diabetes results from a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Overweight/obesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Objective: Examining the changes in leptin, adiponectin and resistin levels in obese and non-obese rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and the effects on body weight, BMI, insulin resistance, HbA1c and fasting blood sugar. Materials and methods: Forty adult male albino rats of local strain were chosen as an animal model for this study. They were divided into normal control, control obese, diabetes mellitus and diabetes mellitus obese rats. Rats were rendered diabetic by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (40mg/kg B.W) that successfully induced type 2 diabetes. The high fat diet was used to induce obesity.It was prepared by increasing the fat content of diet to 11-12%. At the end of the experimental period, rats were weighed and BMI was calculated. The rats were anesthetized, blood samples were collected, and the separated plasma was stored at -20˚C for biochemical assays. Results: Regarding plasma leptin and resistin levels, all groups showed a significant increase as compared with control. There was a significant decrease in plasma adiponectin levels in all groups as compared with control group. There was a significant increase in plasma L/A ratio in all groups as compared with control group. Conclusion: The decrease in adiponectin and the increase in resistin and leptin levels inplasma could be attributed to hyperglycemia and the increased insulin resistance observed in obese, diabetic and diabetic obese rats.
Diabetes mellitus
Obesity
leptin
adiponectin
Resistin
2018
01
01
139
148
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_54636_ee61fe6beb72e428d55243d0ff18ef4e.pdf
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
1110-0400
1110-0400
2018
47
1
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THREE DIMENSIONAL AND TWO DIMENSIONAL ULTRASOUND MARKERS OF OVARIAN RESERVE IN WOMEN UNDERGOING INTRACYTOPLASMIC SPERM INJECTION (ICSI)
Yehia
Abd Elsalam Wafa
Mohamed
Mohamed Gebril
Ahmed
Mohamed Rammah
Hazem
Mohamed Tawfik Nada
Background: Over the last two decades, various ultrasound markers have been investigated to evaluate their role in the prediction of ovarian function and hence reserve. The three most common markers that have been specifically addressed are ovarian volume, antral follicle count (AFC) and ovarian vascularity.
Objective : To evaluate differences between three-dimensional (3D) and two dimensional(2D) ultrasound markers of ovarian reserve (antral follicle count and ovarian volume ) in women undergoing investigation for subfertility before intra cytoplasmic sperm injection.
Patients and methods: This study was a prospective observational study including 50 women who attend the Infertility Clinic at Al-Azhar International Islamic Center for population studies and researches.
Intervention: Measurement of cycle day three follicle stimulating hormone (CD3 FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), estradiol (E2), anti Mullerian hormone (AMH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and ovarian reserve{antral follicle count (AFC) and ovarian volume (OV) }by transvaginal tow dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) ultrasound , patients were subjected to long ovulation induction protocol. Assessment of follicles number, quality and number of oocyte retrieved was done.
Results: There was no difference between 2D and 3D ultrasound in the assessment of antral follicle count. The difference between 2D and 3D ultrasound in the assessment of ovarian volume was minimal and non-significant.
Conclusions: Application of transvaginal sonography in evaluation of ovarian reserve proved to be of important value in the assessment of poor and good responders for ICSI treatment, to avoid expensive IVF cycle cancellation.
2018
01
01
149
159
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_54638_4a2fbca54750c1d3ef61b6c8c6e1b82b.pdf
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
1110-0400
1110-0400
2018
47
1
THE POSSIBLE EFFECT OF PREBIOTIC OLIGOFRUCTOSE ON GUT MICROBIOTA AND METABOLIC ENDOTOXEMIA PRODUCED BY HIGH FAT DIET IN ADULT MALE RATS
Faten
I. Mohammed
Mai
M. Farrag
Gehan
A. Youssef
Background:Gut microbiota is the complex community of microorganisms that live in the GIT of humans and other animals.Oligofructose(OFS) is one of prebiotics which modulates gut microbiota.
Objective:Assessing the potential effects of the prebiotic OFS on gut microbiota and metabolic endotoxemiain high fat diet (HFD) fed rats.
Material and methods: Forty adult male albino rats weredivided into 2 groups: Group I (10 rats)fed on a standard rat chow for 14weeks. Group II (30 rats) fed on HFD for 8weeks.In the next 6 weeks, rats of group II were divided into 3 equal subgroups:Group II 1(control B) continued feeding on HFD.Group II 2 continued feeding on HFD with administration of OFS. Group II 3 continued feeding on standard rat chow instead of HFD with administration of OFS. At the end of 14 weeks, blood and fecal samples were collected for biochemical analysisto gut microbiota (FirmicutesandBacteroidetes phyla), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα).
Results: OFS produced increase in Bacteroidetes phylum in comparison with HFD fed group (control B). On the other hand, OFS produced decrease in Firmicutes phylum, LPS and TNFα in comparison with HFD fed group (control B). There was better improvement when OFS was given standard rat chow than with HFD.
Conclusion: OFS induced improvement in gut microbiota composition, endotoxemiaand inflammatory biomarkers. There was better improvement when OFS was fed with standard diet in HFD fed rats.
prebiotics
oligofructose
gut microbiota
metabolic endotoxemia
High fat diet
2018
01
01
161
169
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_54642_3141aecd77a7ad89a11d15822161a565.pdf