STEM CELLS
Adel
Shalaby
Medical Physiology Department, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine
author
text
article
2016
eng
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
Al-Azhar Scientific Medical Society
1110-0400
45
v.
1
no.
2016
1
1
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_58779_13ca019ba248cecaa5a9cf9a839d3731.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0026258
ON-PUMP VERSUS OFF-PUMP CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING IN PATIENTS WITHMULTI-VESSEL DISEASE
Saleh
Raslan Hussein
Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University
author
Mohamed
Abd-Elbasset
Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University
author
Mohamed
Sharaa
Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University
author
Ismail
N. EL-Sokkary
Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: The performance of coronary bypass surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass ("off pump") may reduce perioperative morbidity and costs, but it is uncertain whether the outcome is similar to that involving the use of cardiopulmonary bypass ("on pump"). In fact, the advantage of using off-pump myocardial revascularization is being documented in high risk subgroups.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare on-pump versus off-pump myocardial revascularization in patients with multi-vessels disease.
Patients and Methods: Sixty patients with multi-vessel disease requiring CABG surgery at a single institution were prospectively randomized to have the procedure performed with on pump(group A, n=30) or with off pump (group B, n=30). Different preoperative, operative, postoperative variables and six month follow up were evaluated among both groups.
Results: There was no statistical difference between the two groups preoperatively regarding their age, sex, comorbidities (except emergency patients, which was significantly higher in group "B") and left ventricular function. Regarding intraoperative comparison, there was no significant difference in the total number of grafts. There was a significant difference in the intensive care parameters. The mechanical ventilation time was significantly shorter in group "B", and the blood transfusion required was significantly less in group "B". The ICU stay was significantly shorter in group "B".Left ventricular functions significantly decreased immediately and one week follow up postoperative, but backed up again after six months postoperative follow up in both groups. However, there was no statistically significant difference between both groups.The postoperative complications showed no statistically significant difference between both groups.The total hospital stay was significantly higher in group "A".
Conclusions: Both on-pump and off-pump procedures usually result in excellent outcomes, but should be judged to choose the better from both techniques to every patient according to clinical condition of the patient, center equipment and surgeon experience.
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
Al-Azhar Scientific Medical Society
1110-0400
45
v.
1
no.
2016
1
12
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_58782_402fe4c848904346dc8cdd245473efca.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0026259
CHANGES IN LIPID PROFILE, AST, ALT, UREA, AND CREATININE BY NIGELLA SATIVA SEEDS POWDER IN ADULT MALE ALBINO DIABETIC RATS
Adel
Shalaby
Departments of Medical Physiology, Faculties of Medicine,Al-Azhar University
author
Khaled
Abd-El-Sater
Departments of Medical Physiology, Faculties of Medicine,Al-Azhar University
author
Gamal
El-Din Abdel-Hamid
Departments of General Pathology, Faculties of Medicine, Al-Azhar University
author
Ahmad
Mostafa Mahmoud
Departments of General Pathology, Faculties of Medicine, Sohag University
author
Ahmad
S. S.Nour El-Deen
Departments of Medical Physiology, Faculties of Medicine,Al-Azhar University
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: The rising rates of diabetes mellitus indicate a need for enhanced education and training in effectively preventing, screening, diagnosing and treating the condition. Objective: Determination of the possible beneficial effects of Nigella Sativa Seeds powder in treatment of diabetes mellitus. Material and Methods: One hundred and forty adult male albino rats of local strain, 8 weeks of age and weighing from 120 to 150 g, were chosen as an animal model for this study. The animals were divided into control and diabetic groups. Diabetes was induced by alloxan. The experiment continued for 60 days of Nigella Sativa seeds powder treatment. . After12 hours over night fasting at the end of experiment, morning blood samples and liver specimens were collected for the determination of lipid profile, aspartate aminotransferase “AST”, alanine amino transferase “ALT”, creatinine, urea and liver architecture. Results: Lipid profile, AST, ALT and liver structure showed significant improvement with NS powder treatment. No statistically significant differences occur in creatinine or urea. It caused a sort of protection to the hepatocytes from the effect of diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Oral administration of NS seeds did not give any toxic effects on liver function evaluating hepatic enzymes level as well as histopathological changes of liver tissue.
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
Al-Azhar Scientific Medical Society
1110-0400
45
v.
1
no.
2016
13
22
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_58838_e2aa0c308743725863ba5b239d4affc3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0026262
EFFECTS OF THORACIC EPIDURAL CLONIDINE AND/OR MAGNESIUM SULPHATE AS ADJUVANTS TO BUPIVACAINE AND MORPHINE FOR POSTOPERATIVE PAIN RELIEF AFTER CARDIAC SURGERIES
Tarek
Abdel-Salam Seleem
Department of anesthesia and Intensive care, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: Postoperative pain after cardiothoracic surgery is one of the most severe types of postoperative pain due to sternotomy or muscle-dividing incision of the chest wall. It leads to inability to cough and to maintain their functional residual capacity which leads to retention of secretion and pneumonia. So, proper control of post-operative pain improves the patient’s outcome.
Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the quality and efficacy of post-operative analgesia of clonidine and/or magnesium sulphate when added to bupivacaine and morphine in thoracic epidural analgesia for cardiac surgery.
Patients and methods: A prospective, double blind randomized study was carried out on eighty patients classified into four equal groups, i.e. group I (control): received 5 ml bupivacaine (0.5%) + 2mg morphine sulphate (to be diluted to 10 ml of 0.9% saline), group II: received the same solution for group I + 50 mg of magnesium sulphate, group III: received the same solution for group I + 75 μg clonidine and group IV: received the same solution for group I + 50 mg magnesium sulphate and 75 μg clonidine. All patients received the first postoperative analgesic dose through the epidural catheter just after being transferred to postoperative intensive care unit (ICU). According to the scheduled intervals, heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, arterial blood gases, as well as visual analuge score (VAS) were recorded for 24 hours postoperatively. Duration of analgesia, frequency of top up analgesic doses and surgical stress response parameters (serum blood glucose and cortisol) were also recorded.
Results: Groups III and IV recorded prolonged duration of analgesia, decreased requirements of bupivacaine and morphine, with improvement of pain relief. All results of group III indicated that clonidine was more effective than magnesium sulphate when used as adjuvant for epidural analgesia for postoperative pain management.
Conclusion: Epidural clonidine prolonged the duration of analgesia, decreased the local anesthetic requirement and improved quality of pain relief, when added to bupivacaine and morphine for postoperative analgesia after cardiac surgery when compared to magnesium sulphate that had no beneficial effect as an adjuvant.
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
Al-Azhar Scientific Medical Society
1110-0400
45
v.
1
no.
2016
23
34
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_58850_e04c09a5956bb67c3a27be3ab76ff948.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0026264
DRUG ABUSE AND RELATED CRIMES
Ashraf
I. Hassan
Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University
author
Mohammed
F. Assassa
Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University
author
Moustafa
M. Al-Wakeel
Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University
author
text
article
2016
eng
Drug abuse is an intense desire to obtain increasing amounts of a particular drug or substance to the exclusion of all other activities. There is a magnificent increase, everywhere, in the number of drug abusers who are the members of dominant culture. These abusers turn to some form of crude amateur crime like burglary, robbery and even prostitution to support their habits. This paper presents a review of issues in the literature to highlight the pattern and trends pertaining to drug abuse and crime as regards the effects of drug abuse on different crimes with emphasis on the issues of the topic in Egypt. It discusses whether drug abuse leads to crime or crime leads to drug abuse Economic-related crimes are where an individual commits a crime in order to fund a drug habit. System-related crimes result from the structure of the drug system that includes crimes of production, manufacture, transportation, and sale of drugs. Serious drug abuse can amplify and perpetuate pre-existing criminal activity.
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
Al-Azhar Scientific Medical Society
1110-0400
45
v.
1
no.
2016
35
48
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_58881_a9ea4e0995a98d8e3daf5e46201238aa.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0026266
EFFECT OF GREEN TEA EXTRACT ON FOOD CONSUMPTION AND BODY WEIGHT IN EXPERIMENTALLY-INDUCED MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN ADULT MALE ALBINO RAT
Adel
Shalaby
Medical Physiology Department, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine
author
Mohammad
Okasha
Department Of Medical Physiology, Al-Azhar Faculty Of Medicine
author
Saeid
Sharaf
Department Of Medical Physiology, Al-Azhar Faculty Of Medicine
author
Albayoumi
Fouda
Departments of Medical Physiology, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: There is an increasing realization that herbs can influence the course of heart disease and its treatment. Green tea is an important medicinal plant having strong anti-oxidant properties. Objective: Evaluation of the effect of green tea extract on food consumption and body weight of isoprenaline (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction in adult male albino rat. Material and Methods: Seventy adult male albino rats of local strain were chosen as an animal model for this study weighed 110 -130 g (average weight was 120 g). Myocardial infarction was induced in experimental rats by injecting isoprenaline. Food consumption was measured daily. Body weight was measured at the beginning and at the end of experiment. Heart weight/body weight ratio was calculated at the end of the experiment (30 days). Results: During the experiment, changes in body weight and food consumption in different groups were more or less concomitant together. Increase in body weight was associated with increase in food consumption and vice versa. ISO showed an increase of food consumption which was accompanied by an increase of body weight. GTE showed reduction of food consumption which was accompanied by loss of body weight, while metoprolol produced an increase of food consumption accompanied by an increase of body weight. GTE and metoprolol in combination produced the same effect that produced by green tea extract. Conclusion: Green tea extract is effective in decreasing food consumption and body weight.
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
Al-Azhar Scientific Medical Society
1110-0400
45
v.
1
no.
2016
49
60
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_58889_cf1bdf5e17bcc2cd5495aaab1eafb237.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0026268
EFFECT OF EXENDINE-4 WITH OR WITHOUT MUSCULAR EXERCISE ON DIABETES MELLITUS IN MALE ALBINO RATS
Saad
Kamal Taha
Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University
author
Mohamed
Hassan Abdelsattar
Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University
author
Ashraf
Algendy
Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University
author
Khaled
Saleh Ali
Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: Exendin-4 (glucagon like peptide-1 agonist) is an insulinotropic gut peptide and is being evaluated for the regulation of blood glucose in diabetes mellitus. Objective: Evaluating the possible effects of exendin-4 administration with or without muscular exercise on diabetic male albino rats. Materials and Methods: Forty adult male albino rats were divided into four equal groups: Group I served as a normal control group, group II was diabetic control, group III was diabetic group treated with exendin-4, and group IV was diabetic group subjected to swimming exercise and receiving exendin-4. At the end of the experimental period, blood samples were collected for measuring of blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low density lipoproteins (LDL), high density lipoproteins (HDL) and C-peptide. Results: Alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus was associated with significant higher levels of serum blood glucose, total cholesterol, TG and LDL-C with significant lower levels of HDL-C and C-peptide as compared with the control normal group. Exendin-4 with or without muscular exercise showed significant lower levels of blood glucose, total cholesterol, TG and LDL-C levels, and significant higher levels of HDL-C and C-peptide as compared with the control diabetic rats. Conclusion: Exendin-4 therapy has a marked effect on improvement of blood glucose, C-peptide level and lipid profile. This was most probably due to increasing insulin sensitivity and decreasing hepatic fat biosynthesis. As regards the differences between the muscular exercise with exendine-4 group (group 4) and exendine-4 treated group (group 3), the obtained data showed a significant lower value of serum triglyceride in the muscular exercise with exendine-4 group compared with the exendine-4 treated group.
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
Al-Azhar Scientific Medical Society
1110-0400
45
v.
1
no.
2016
61
72
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_58897_49c096f7257e7fb8bf950fc2bdda9f17.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0026270
ROLE OF PERIPHERAL PULSE MEASUREMENT IN DIAGNOSIS OF PAROXYSMAL ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AFTER ISCHEMIC STROKE
Fathy
M Afifi
Departments of Neurology, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine
author
Khaled
M Sobh
Departments of Neurology, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine
author
Mohammad
A Morsy
Departments of Cardiology, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine
author
Hussein
Awad El-Gharieb
Departments of Neurology, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine
author
Mahrous
I Seddeek
Departments of Neurology, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine
author
Ahmed
A Abd Al-Raheem
Departments of Neurology, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: Ischemic stroke comprises 85% of all strokes. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cause of cardioembolism and a leading cause of ischemic stroke. The diagnosis of paroxysmal AF (PAF) after cerebral ischemia is often difficult to establish because paroxysmal episode may be short and may elude stroke unit monitoring in the acute phase.
Objectives: Detection of PAF after ischemic stroke and investigating feasibility and diagnostic accuracy of measurement of the peripheral pulse at the radial artery as a simple non-invasive screening tool for PAF in patients after acute ischemic stroke.
Patients and methods: This study was carried on 52 patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted at Neurology Department, Al-Azhar University Hospitals from 1st November 2014 till the 1st of June 2015. All patients were submitted to complete medical history, complete physical examination, full neurological examination, routine laboratory investigations, CT scan of the brain, conventional ECG registration and echocardiography. All patients and their relatives were undergoing on training program for peripheral pulse measurement and standardized introduction on the pathophysiology of cardioembolic stroke.
Results: Patients with PAF were 11 (21.2 %), patients with AF were 22 (42.3 %), mean age ± SD of patients with AF was 60.273 ± 10.743 years and that of patients with PAF was 59.682 ± 8.283 years. Patients had PAF were 18% males, 82% females, 90.9% had a history of hypertension, 91% had diabetes mellitus, 72.7% had hyperlipidemia, 9% were smokers, 72.7% had IHD (ischemic heart disease) and 81.8% had a history of previous stroke. Patients had AF were 22.7% males, 77.3% females, 90.9% had a history of hypertension, 72.7% had diabetes mellitus, 50% had hyperlipidemia, 13.7% were smokers, 86.4% had IHD and 90.9% had a history of previous stroke. AF or PAF related ischemic stroke was associated with older age, female gender, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, no smoking and history of previous stroke. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were significant predictors of newly diagnosed (NDAF) AF or PAF in acute ischemic stroke. Measurements by health care professionals had sensitivity 81.82, specificity 95.12, positive predictive value 81.82, and negative predictive value 95.12 with accuracy 92.31. Measurements by patients themselves had sensitivity 42.86, specificity 53.57, positive predictive value 18.75, and negative predictive value 78.95 with accuracy 51.43. Measurements by the relatives of the patients had sensitivity 55.56, specificity 72.22, positive predictive value 33.33, and negative predictive value 86.67 with accuracy 68.89
Conclusion: Early diagnosis of AF facilitated the detection of patients who should receive oral anticoagulant treatment to decrease risk of stroke. Primary prevention of cardioembolic stroke can be achieved by early discovering AF patients. Patients with diabetes, hypertension, IHD or history of previous stroke are at increased risk of AF or PAF. We suggest that all patients with AF were PAF at first and then converted to established AF. Early detection and management of PAF reduce the occurrence of established AF.
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
Al-Azhar Scientific Medical Society
1110-0400
45
v.
1
no.
2016
73
84
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_58904_99cdaa572ec7f0c31ce6d6662832783b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0026271
STUDY OF FETUIN A AS BIOMARKER FOR CORONARY ARTERY DISEASES IN SOME EGYPTIAN PATIENTS
Nareman
Y Mohamed
Medical Biochemistry Department, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine (girls)
author
Reem
Mohammed Ahmed
Medical Biochemistry Department, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine (girls)
author
Abd-El-Rahman
Mohamed Ali
Cardiology Department, AL-Azhar Faculty of Medicine
author
Amina
Rezk Zeidan
Medical Biochemistry Department, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine (girls)
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: Fetuin A protein is Alpha 2-Heremans Schmid glycoprotein (AHSG).It acts as negative acute phase reactant synthesized by the liver cells, it is responsible for preventing calcium and phosphate precipitation in the blood by increasing their solubility and inhibiting calcium crystal growth. Deposits of calcium phosphates (hydroxyapatites) in the muscular layer of the blood vessels appear to play not only a significant role in stiffening arteries but also for the induction of an early phase of coronary arteriosclerosis. Fetuin A has been considered to play a crucial role in the protection from vascular calcification by solubilizing calcium and phosphorus in serum. Objective: the aim of this study was to determine the level of fetuin A in some Egyptian patients with coronary artery disease and its correlation with the severity of the disease. Subjects and methods: sixty Egyptian persons were involved in this study, twenty of them were healthy as a control, other twenty of them were patients with stable angina, the last twenty were patients with acute myocardial infarction. Serum fetuin A, CRP, CK-MB, troponine I, creatnine, lipid profile and blood glucose estimation were performed. In addition, exercise ECG was done for all individuals. Results: serum fetuin A level decreased in the two groups with coronary artery diseases than the control; it also markedly decreased in patients with myocardial infarction than both those with stable angina and control. Conclusion: This study showed that decreased serum fetuin A level was correlated with the development of coronary artery disease. Fetuin A might be clinically valuable for reflecting the progression of coronary artery disease.
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
Al-Azhar Scientific Medical Society
1110-0400
45
v.
1
no.
2016
85
96
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_58910_07e05fd9a9e04b831464cc57261978c1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0026272
ALL-INSIDE ARTHROSCOPIC MENISCAL REPAIR BY SUTURES WITH PRETIED KNOT ON THE NEEDLE
Bahaa
EL-Din Ali Kornah
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine
author
Kamal
Abd Al-Rahman Abd Al-Hafez
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine
author
Labib
Yosry Abd El-Latief
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine
author
Mohamed
Abd AL-Moneam Negm
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine
author
Abd Al-Hamid
El-Said Abd Al - Hamid Hendy
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: Meniscal tears in younger higher demand patients should be prepared to optimize the healing environment and be meticulously repaired, particularly in the setting of concurrent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
Objectives: Evaluation of results of arthroscopic meniscal repair by sutures with pre-tied sliding knot and preloaded implants on the needle as regard clinical and functional outcome.
Patients and Methods: From June 2012 to June 2015 at Al-Azhar University Hospitals, 30 patients with a mean age of 27 (range, 19-36) years with 30 meniscal tears underwent meniscal repair utilizing the all-inside meniscal repair technique entailing a pre loaded suture anchor. All tears were located at red-red or red-white zones. Concurrent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction was performed in 15 (50%) of the patients. Patients were evaluated postoperatively based on the Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale, clinical examination, magnetic resonance imaging and 2nd look arthroscopy. Presence of locking, joint line tenderness, effusion, and positive McMurray test were considered to indicate clinical failure.
Results: The mean follow-up was 6 (range: 6-12) months. An average of 2 (range: 1 to 3) suture devices were used per patient. The mean tear size was 20 (range: 10-40) mm. In all, 4 (13.33%) of the tears had failed clinically and 2 (6.66%) appeared unhealed on postoperative imaging. No postoperative extra- or intra-articular complications were encountered.
Conclusion: All-inside meniscal repair using a pre-loaded suture anchor was safe and effective, and yielded an 86.66% clinical and 93.33% radiological success rate.
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
Al-Azhar Scientific Medical Society
1110-0400
45
v.
1
no.
2016
97
110
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_58935_165b81323a2f8ae6c4e4ab4a8f17338e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0026276
ROLE OF PUMPKIN SEEDS ON HEPATORENAL DYSFUNCTION INDUCED BY AZATHIOPRINE IN ADULT MALE ALBINO RATS
Aziza
K. Omer
Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University
author
Gehan
A. Youssef
Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University
author
Asmaa
F. Yousf
Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University
author
Azza
H. Abd El-Wahab
Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: Pumpkin contains several phyto-constituents belonging to the categories of alkaloids, flavonoids, and palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids. Various important medicinal properties including anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory and others have been well documented. Azathioprine (AZA), known as Imuran is animmunosuppressive drug. It is widely used in many diseases. A major drawback is the occurrence of side-effects, especially hepatorenal dysfunction.
Objective: Assessing the association between the daily oral dose of pumpkin supplementation as a strategy for amelioration of the side-effects of AZA on liver functions, renal functions and some inflammatory markers and tumour necrosis factor-α.
Material and Methods: Twenty four adult male albino rats, weighing 150–180 g, were used. They were divided into four equal groups: Group I (control), group II treated with (4 ml/kg. b. wt.) of pumpkin seeds oil per day for four weeks by oral gavage, group III were injected intraperitoneally with AZA (10mg/kg b. wt.) 3 times with an interval of 48 h in between, and group IV was treated by oral gavages with 4 ml/kg. b. wt of pumpkin seeds oil for ten consecutive days followed by AZA treatment i.p. at dose 10 mg/kg b. wt. 3 times with an interval of 48 h in between, after which pumpkin seeds oil administration alone was continued for another 2 weeks. Serum ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin, urea, creatinine, CRP and TNF-α were detected.
Results: Pumpkin seeds oil supplementation with AZA treatment significantly decreased the levels of serum liver transaminases (ALT and AST), ALP and total bilirubin in addition to serum urea, creatinine as well as CRP and TNF-α compared to AZA group.
Conclusions: Pumpkin seeds oil has the ability to ameliorate the biochemical pathways of the side-effects of AZA on liver and kidney.
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
Al-Azhar Scientific Medical Society
1110-0400
45
v.
1
no.
2016
111
118
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_58939_6c028beaf67c4ee92d7465e5a40b97a8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0026277
AMELIORATIVE EFFECT OF BLUE BERRY AGAINST MULTIPLE ORGAN DAMAGE BY γ-IRRADIATION IN ADULT MALE ALBINO RATS
Aziza
K. Omer
Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls) Al-Azhar University
author
Gehan
A. Youssef
Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls) Al-Azhar University
author
Azza
H. Abd El-Wahab
Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls) Al-Azhar University
author
Asmaa
F. Yousf
Physiology Department, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority
author
Samy
M. Elsayed Aly
Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Girls) Al-Azhar University
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: Blue berry fruit are rich in bioactive constituents, including flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, stilbenes, and tannins, as well as nutritive compounds such as sugars, essential oils, carotenoids, vitamins and minerals. Numerous scientific studies provide ample evidence that bioactive compounds have the potential to decrease the risk of cardiovascular and degenerative diseases. Whole body exposure to ionizing radiation induces oxidative stress through generation of free radicals which often trigger chain reactions mediated tissue damage.
Objective: This work was done to study the potential protective effect of blue berry against injury of heart, liver and kidney caused by exposure to gamma irradiation .
Material and Methods: Forty adult male albino rats were used and divided into four equal groups: Group 1 served as control group, group 2 received blue berry juice (BBJ) 1ml/100g body wt. by oral intubation gavage for 14 consecutive days , group 3 was exposed to single dose of 7Gy whole body gamma-irradiation, and group 4 received BBJ (1ml/100g body wt.) by oral gavage for 14 consecutive days before irradiation.
All groups of rats were anesthetized and sacrificed on the last day after treatment and/or irradiation. Blood samples were taken from all groups to estimate lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), interleukin-6 (IL-6), total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), malondialdehyde (MDA), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea, creatinine, cystatin and lipocalin.
Results: BBJ administration before exposure to g-irradiation significantly reduced serum LDH, CPK, IL-6, TC, TAG, and MDA versus a significant increase of serum HDL-C. Moreover, amelioration of liver and kidney function test was observed by significant decrease in ALT, AST, ALP, serum urea, creatinine, cyctatin-C and lipocalin-2 in comparison with irradiated group.
Conclusion: The study pointed out to the promising positive role of blue berry supplementation as a natural product to reduce oxidative stress and protect body organs from gamma irradiation.
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
Al-Azhar Scientific Medical Society
1110-0400
45
v.
1
no.
2016
119
134
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_58951_9aa85ed8371fca8a8e947048834873a4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0026278
THE ROLE OF BONE MARROW DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS IN ATTENUATION OF RENAL FAILURE IN ADULT MALE ALBINO RATS
Yousri
El–Amir Ahmad Ghanayem
Medical Physiology Department, Al – Azhar Faculty Of Medicine
author
Fawzy
Ahmad Ashour
Medical Physiology Department, Al – Azhar Faculty Of Medicine
author
Laila
Ahmad Rashed
Biochemistry Department, Cairo Faculty Of Medicine
author
Mohammad
Abul Hasan Zoair
Medical Physiology Department, Al – Azhar Faculty Of Medicine
author
Osama
Mohammad Abd El – Hai
Medical Physiology Department, Al – Azhar Faculty Of Medicine
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: Stem cell therapy holds a great promise for the repair of injured tissues and organs, including the kidney. Objective: Study the possible role of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM MSCs) in regeneration of kidney tissue in acetaminophen-induced renal failure (RF). Material and Methods: Twenty four adult male albino rats of local strain were chosen as an animal model for this study. They were divided into control, RF rats, RF received culture media and RF received BM MSCs in a dose of one million cells / rat by intravenous injection. Mesenchymal stem cells were separated from rat bone marrow, being identified by their morphology and immunophenotype (CD29, CD45 and CD90) by flow cytometry. BM MSCs were labeled with PKH26 dye before injection. RF was induced by oral administration of acetaminophen. At the end of the experiment (24 days), blood samples were obtained for serum creatinine and urea. Animals were sacrificed; kidneys were obtained for histopathological examination and measurement of tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Results: BM MSCs were successfully separated from bone marrow, being identified as mesenchymal stem cells showing plastic adherence properties and fibroblastoid shape. The cells showed +ve expression of CD29 and CD90, -ve expression of CD45 proving that it is mesenchyml cells not hematopoitic cells. Acetaminophen showed significant increase in serum creatinine, urea and tissue MDA. Also, there was significant decrease of tissue GPx. BM MSCs showed significant decrease in serum creatinine, urea and tissue MDA in addition to significant increase in tissue GPx. Histopathological examination revealed regeneration of the damaged kidney tissue and restoration of normal architecture of BM MSCs-treated group in comparison with RF group.
Conclusion: BM MSCs have a curative role in regeneration of kidney tissue in acetaminophen-induced renal failure.
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
Al-Azhar Scientific Medical Society
1110-0400
45
v.
1
no.
2016
135
148
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_58954_d7c5e3bddbeef4ffa4cc918a9702c496.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0026279
TREATMENT OF REFRACTORY MENORRHAGIA BY UTERINE ARTERY EMBOLIZATION IN WOMEN DESIRING FUTURE FERTILITY
Ashraf
M. Enite
Departments of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University
author
Samy
Amin M Gebreel
Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University
author
Eman
A. El Moneim Alkholy
Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University
author
Aya
Fouda
Obstetrics & Gynecology, Health Insurance Hospitals
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: Menorrhagia is prolonged excessive menstruation that might be interfere with the woman's physical, emotional, social and material quality of life. It may be idiopathic or due to fibroids, adenomyosis, pelvic congestion and arterio-venous malformations or coagulation disorders.
Objective: Evaluation of the effectiveness of uterine artery embolization in the management of refractory menorrhagia conserving the patient’s fertility when other treatment options are not applicable.
Patient and methods: This study was conducted between February 2011 and September 2015 on a total 7 female patients. The mean age was 35.4 + 3.7 years and age range of between 28–42 years. This retrospective study was treating the patients with severe refractory menorrhagia not responding to medical treatment and have local uterine pathology {multiple fibroids, adenomyosis or arteriovenous malformation (AVM)} and requiring fertility preserving treatment option. They referred from the Gynecological clinic, Al-Azhar University Hospitals, Health insurance hospitals and Cairo health care centre, and selected to undergo uterine artery embolization (UAE).
Results: Seven patients underwent UAE. Two (29%) patients experienced clinical failure; the first patient underwent hysterectomy due to development of infection and offensive vaginal discharge, and the second patient experienced no improvement treated by AVM re-embolization. After 6 months of follow-up, the overall clinical success rate was based on the cessation of bleeding which was 5 (72%) patients. Temporary amenorrhea was experienced for 6.5+ 2.6 months in 6 (86%) patients. The mean uterine fibroid diameter was 7.4 + 3.2 cm (range 1.8- 11.5) before UAE and decreased to 4.3+2.4 cm (range 1.2–7.5) 6 months after UAE.
Conclusion: UAE is a percutaneous procedure that involves no general anesthesia, no surgical incision, and no blood loss or risk of blood transfusion. It can be used in refractory amenorrhea treatment and alternative to a hysterectomy, to conserve the uterine fertility. Recovery and time to return to work and daily living activities is relatively short.
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
Al-Azhar Scientific Medical Society
1110-0400
45
v.
1
no.
2016
149
160
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_58978_e4287046514d760f05dcd2b8c085266e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0026281
TRANSFORAMINAL LUMBAR INTERBODY FUSION IN MANAGEMENT OF DEGENERATIVE LUMBAR SPINE DISORDERS
Mahmoud
Mohammad Hassaan
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine
author
Ibrahim
Ali Nassar
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine
author
Adnan
Abd Al-Aleem Alsebaie
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine
author
Ahmed
Ibrahim Khamiss
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine
author
Ahmed
Ibrahim Akar
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: Interbody fusion represents an efficient surgical treatment in degenerative lumbar spine disorders, achieving satisfying outcome in >90% of cases. Various studies have affirmed the advantages of TLIF techniques with regard to achieve 360 degree fusion, but their efficacy in showing the results of TLIF in treatment of different lumbar spine degenerative disorders has not yet been demonstrated.
Objectives: Assessing the clinical and radiological outcomes of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) in the management of degenerative lumbar spine disorders, and to demonstrate the safety, surgical efficacy, and advantages of the transforaminal approach for lumbar interbody fusion.
Patients and Methods: Twenty patients with degenerative lumbar spine disorders were treated with TLIF and were followed up for 18 months. The clinical outcomes were assessed by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) questionnaire.
Results: Low back and leg pain completely resolved in 18 patients (90%). Solid fusion was achieved in 18 patients (90%), whereas pseudarthrosis was documented in two patients.
Complications reported post-operatively; Dural tear reported in 2 cases (10%), early post-operative wound infection reported in one case (5%), neurological deficitreported in one case (5%), Cage subsidence reported in one case (5%), Pseudo arthrosis reported in 2 cases (10%) and poor improvement of low back pain also reported in 2 cases (10%).
Conclusions: TLIF is a safe and effective method in treatment of degenerative lumbar spine disorders for achieving circumferential spinal fusion via a single stage procedure.
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
Al-Azhar Scientific Medical Society
1110-0400
45
v.
1
no.
2016
161
170
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_58984_8ecf2ea4906bb6d3ba90dd5eca5e48fc.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0026282
ROLE OF EXERCISE IN REGULATING SERUM VASPIN LEVELS IN LEAN AND OBESE ADULT ALBINO RATS
Azza
A. Y. Megahed
Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University
author
Abeer
A. Khalefa
Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: Exercise, which is the keystone of type 2 diabetes millets (T2DM) and obesity treatment, has revealed a great variance of effects on adipokines levels. Vaspin is a new adipocytokine with insulin-sensitizing effects, but its regulation in obesity and physical exercise are not clear yet.
Objective: Exploring the effect of continuous and intermittent exercise on circulating levels of vaspin and its relation to some metabolic changes and inflammatory markers in lean and obese rats.
Material and methods: A total number of60 adult male local strain albino rats were used. Rats were divided into 2 main groups: group I" lean group, and group II "HFD group; Each group was further subdivided into 3 equal subgroups: group I A; control group with sedentary life, group I B; rats were exposed to continuous exercise, and group I C; rats were exposed to intermittent exercise. Serum vaspin, insulin, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL, TNF and CRP levels were measured. In addition, BMI, HOMA-IR and atherogenic index were calculated in all groups.
Results: Serum vaspin levels were higher in obese (HFD) than in lean rats. Vaspin levels increased in continuous and intermittent exercised lean groups, and decreased in HFD induced obesity. Vaspin correlated negatively with inflammatory markers, HOMA-IR, TC TG and positively with HDL-C.
Conclusion: Serumvaspin levels were up regulated in HFD induced obesity. Intermittent exercise was more effective than continuous exercise in improving metabolic parameters and ameliorating inflammatory effect of obesity partially by modulating circulating vaspin levels in lean and obese rats.
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
Al-Azhar Scientific Medical Society
1110-0400
45
v.
1
no.
2016
171
185
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_58987_6ad2f2afa2c0f0b48f2417bd2da16ed3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0026283
EFFECTS OF THE AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF ROSEMARINUS OFFICINALIS L. (ROSEMARY) LEAVES ON LIPID PROFILE OF DIABETIC ADULT MALE ALBINO RATS
Nageh
Mabrouk Gabr
Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: Various herbs have been used for treating several diseases. Rosemary is a thorny plant which is widely distributed in Europe and South-Eastern Asia. It is used in traditional medicine for its therapeutic properties.
Objective: Evaluation of the biological antioxidant mechanisms of Rosemary leaves extract in the reduction of blood glucose level and lipid profile.
Materials and Methods: Sixty adult male albino rats were used in this study. The rats were divided into six equal groups, i.e. Control, Rosemary control group, alloxan-treated, alloxan plus glibenclamide-treated group, alloxan plus Rosemary-treated group and finally alloxan plus both glibenclamide and Rosemary-treated group. Blood samples were obtained for determination of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL- cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, atherogenic index as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase.
Results: Treatment with rosemary leaves extract was found to be effective in ameliorating blood glucose, lipid profile and antioxidant levels.
Conclusion: Rosemary leaves extract has a beneficial effect as an anti-diabetic agent as well as improving lipid metabolism in diabetics.
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
Al-Azhar Scientific Medical Society
1110-0400
45
v.
1
no.
2016
185
194
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_58993_3b3615f9bb9c646a1b3589950507d719.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0026284
PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF GHRELIN ON TESTICULAR FUNCTIONS IN ADULT MALE DIABETIC ALBINO RATS
Magdy
Y. Elseed
Departments of Physiology (Demietta), Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine, Egypt
author
Mohamed
Gaber
Departments of Physiology (Demietta), Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine, Egypt
author
Ibrahim
M. Shatla
Departments of Physiology (Demietta), Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine, Egypt
author
Reda
M. Abdrabbou
Departments of Pharmacology (Cairo), Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine, Egypt
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: Oxidative stress is one of the important causes of type 1 diabetes which can induce changes in male reproductive system. Ghrelin is a peptide hormone that has been shown to have antioxidant properties. Objective: Evaluation of the ghrelin on testicular dysfunction of rat model of type1 diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Material and Methods: Forty adult male albino rats were divided into four equal groups: Group 1: served as normal control group received normal saline, group 2: Ghrelin –treated normal group, group 3: STZ-diabetic group, group 4: Ghrelin-treated diabetic group. At the end of experiment, rats were weighed and serum levels of blood glucose, insulin, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone were determined. Also, epididymal sperm count and motility, testicular activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA), testicular weight and testicular histopathology were determined. Results: STZ-diabetic rats showed significant decrease in body weight, testicular weight, serum insulin, LH, FSH, testosterone, testicular activity of SOD, CAT, GPx, epididymal sperm count and motility, and significant increase in serum glucose level and testicular MDA level associated with impairment of testicular histoarchitecture as compared to control group. Ghrelin administration into diabetic rats resulted in significant increase in the body weight, testicular weight, serum insulin, LH, FSH, testosterone, testicular activity of SOD, CAT, GPx, epididymal sperm count and motility, and significant decrease in serum glucose, and testicular MDA levels associated with restoration of testicular histoarchitecture nearly to normal as compared to diabetic group. In the normal group, ghrelin resulted in significant increase in body weight, testicular weight, testicular activities of SOD, CAT, and GPx, sperm motility and significant decrease in testicular MDA, while it produced insignificant changes in the serum levels of glucose, insulin, FSH, LH, testosterone, and sperm count. Conclusion: Ghrelin has a protective effect against testicular dysfunction in STZ-induced diabetic rats which may be due to its antioxidant properties and improvement of insulin and glucose levels.
Al-Azhar Medical Journal
Al-Azhar Scientific Medical Society
1110-0400
45
v.
1
no.
2016
195
208
https://amj.journals.ekb.eg/article_59002_c38f47801e0012f30664e04f4451ffd8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0026285